Modern era is a period when engineering is invented. The word, “engineering”, comes from engine, that is a power converter and has originated as vehicle category. Ships, machines ( automobile ) are also included and the cutting edge of that is a space craft.

In Japan, architecture was somehow put into this category as a container of people, though it couldn't move at all. It seems that unspoken wish to be a mold of technology is prayed into. However, architecture can't be space craft after all. Space craft, which is launched to vast universe on behalf of us, is developed with enormous budget and the world's most advanced technology. On the contrary, for architecture the first and foremost priority is to produce the living, economical and political space for billions of people, so it can't be output of only technology.

However, it's not surprising that some technical expert appeared, who felt frustrated with such a situation. Why architecture is still so low technology? This frustration resulted in the combination of both political confusion about the future of military industry and technical oriented architect's dream with support of American pragmatism after the war. Fuller's space craft architecture has appeared. This was a birth of techno prototype architecture, which gathered the latest technologies.

By the way, our topic moves on to ten-years-after Japan. Kazuo Shinohara has brought architecture into arts with his famous saying “Folk houses are mushrooms”( Folk houses grow in the beautiful natural environment just like mushrooms. In other words, they are not architecture but natural phenomenon) and also explanation that architecture should be free from its site ,its client and the other several conditions. He tried to make prototype of artistic ?architecture.　The former is modernism in the sense of technical oriented and the latter is anti-modernism, which openly object to modern rationalism, in the sense that architecture is isolated from terms and conditions and become art. However, on the contrary, they have something in common that they never try to look at the site, which architecture would be located, as a condition.

In the meanwhile, contextualism, regionalism and critical regionalism are gradually used as a tool for considering architecture out of reconsideration for site isolated architecture.

Now in the architecture, it is the big issue how to connect the architecture with the outside of it. Furthermore, this issue expand to the object of the outside and the selection of theme on the outside matters.